Design and analysis of a battery for a formula electric car by samuel reineman submitted to the. This approach is recommended for the creation of design systems of other types of. This course is intended to prepare the target persons with the ability to understand and recognize different types, components, theory of operation and applications of all electrical motors. At the beginnig, the separate parameters that form the furnace circuit. The power supply available determines their characteristics e.
It is possible to combine a dahlander winding with a single. His specialty is the design, operation, and maintenance of electric power distribution systems and large motor installations. The preliminary development inwheel motor, which has a directdriven outer rotor type attached to the escooter s rear wheel without any gear, is introduced first. The ac induction motor is the most used electrical motor in industrial applications worldwide. The traction motor used is the permanent magnet synchronous motor pmsm and three phase induction motor im. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field.
It is estimated that 25% of the total cars across the world will run on electricity by 2025. The formulas and calculations which appear below should be used for estimating purposes only. An electric motor can be much lighter than the equivalent ice with a similar power rating, as will be discussed. Based on the vehicle desired performances, the electric motor optimal power can. The main design inputs used, in order to size up the machine are the choice of.
P hp horsepower delivered by the electric motor hp. Design and stress analysis of a high speed rotor for an. It or enterprise infrastructure must merge with the plant floor operational. Combining an inservice motor with a vfd provides facil. The cost of electricity for electric motor 3 phase operation is. Nema sets standards for many electrical products, including motors. This conversion is usually obtained through the generation of a magnetic field by means of a current flowing into one or more coils.
Such properties include a number of poles, speed, frequency, slip, starting current and rated horsepower. Most electric motors are designed to run at 50% to 100% of rated load. The load calculation for several motors, or a motor s and other loads, is 125% of the full load current rating of the highest rated motor per ii. If you are searching for rewinding of one phase motor you can find it here. An important component that is an integral part of all electric vehicles is the motor. Motor calculations calculating mechanical power requirements torque speed curves. The following table provides common formula for motor characteristics relative to the power supply. Nec the national fire protection association nfpa is a national organization that provides guidance in assessing the hazards of the products of combustion. When determining the torque requirements for a electric motor, consideration should be given to the load and start time demands during the start duration, operating torque, and peak load torque. Unit 16 electric motors objectives after studying this unit, the student will be able to state the purpose of an electric motor. Maximum loading for any branch circuit is 80% of rating of circuit for ampacity of wire for any load. Speed of electrical motors output power and torque. Basic nec code rules and design practice wire ampacity and size 1. Other motors that are included are 1phase induction motors, permanent synchronous.
Winding design, modeling, and control for polephase modulation induction motors article pdf available in ieee transactions on magnetics 492. All types motor rewinding formula and turns calculation. Mdl uses its expert knowledge of electric motor design to provide software and support to electric machine designers at some of the worlds most prestigious companies. In this installment, well take a look at how to calculate motor and noncoincident loads. Motors specification of electric motors marshall wolf automation. Hello everyone, i am niko and, in this instructables i will show you, how to rewind and renew old three phase electric motor. An electric motor is a device converting electrical energy into.
Many years of operation of the electric motor led to its physical wear and. It is the responsibility of the customer to specify the required motor hp, torque and accelerating time for his application. He has 20 years of consulting experience with dupont. Electric motors feature an efficiency level, which also depends on actual electric motor load versus rated load, being greatest near rated load and falling off rapidly for under and overload conditions. Design of an efficient, low weight battery electric vehicle based on a vw lupo 3l. Should you find any errors omissions broken links, please let us know feedback. Performing these calculations can help the engineer.
How to calculate winding data of a motor for particular hp. Fundamentals of electric motor design motion control online. These two factors combine to give the higher speciwc torque. Pdf optimization of electric motor design parameters maximizing. Pdf a hybrid electric vehicle motor cooling system design. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. This manual covers squirrel cage rotor motor where the rotor. The objective of this design guide is to educate design, manufacturing and quality engineers on where and why adhesives and sealants are commonly used on motors and generators to help them recognize their full potential. The high performance of control and fast dynamic response of electric machines can be achieved via motor drive because of high development of semiconductors such as the microcontroller and power transistors. Frustaglio is a member of mcma, and is a contributor to the handbook of small electric motors. This is modern metric system that is officially accepted in electrical engineering in read more.
Pdf electric arc furnace transformer secondary circuit. The alternating current ac electric induction motor has been an industry workhorse for electromechanical conversion for over 100 years. The design of motor drive for brushless dc motor intechopen. Design of a lowmass hightorque brushless motor for. Motor design ltd is delighted to announce the release of motorcad v12 the latest version of our unique software package dedicated to the electromechanical performance of motors and generators and the optimisation of their cooling.
Pdf electrical design of highspeed induction motors of up to 15. By inputting horsepower, motor efficiency, power factor, and system voltage the system will calculate the disconnect size, feeder size, and starter size. Electrical motor power, velocity and torque equations. John mazurkiewicz is a product manager with baldor electric co. Design and stress analysis of a high speed rotor for an advanced induction motor matthew t. There are many different electrical motors, but this thesis and the course that was made, focus mostly on the ac induction motor. The synchronous electrical generator also called alternator belongs to the family of electric rotating machines. Maximum efficiency is usually near 75% of rated load. The simulation model consists of the following blocks. It is possible to combine a dahlander winding with a single winding or. Motors with 100 volts, or higher ratings, are used in appliances, automation and in industrial applications. A power presizing methodology for electric vehicle traction.
Electric motors are devices for conversion of the electrical energy into mechanical energy. Electric motors, both ac and dc types, come in many shapes and sizes. An electric motor is a device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy usually a torque. Power factor correction electrical loss 2 between power plant and useful work output of motor was the transmission and transformer i2r and hysteresis losses resulting from the imaginary component of the power. Electric motors and drives fundamentals, types and applications third edition austin hughes senior fellow, school of electronic and electrical engineering, university of leeds amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo newnes is an imprint of. Design of an efficient, low weight battery electric vehicle. To do this, multiply the motors nameplate amperage by the supply voltage. Rla running load amps current drawn during normal operation of electric motor. Induction machines the induction machine was designed based on design procedures and equations obtained from 6,7.
Overhead transmission lines and underground cables 9. Motor torque calculations for electric vehicle saurabh chauhan abstract. For, example, size 11 mean the mounting face of the motor is 1. Further information and full design support can be found at. Previously we shared the book on ac motors which explains all these properties briefly, this post is focused on the induction motor formulas and calculation examples. A power presizing methodology for electric vehicle traction motors bekheira tabbache1,2, sofiane djebarri2, abdelaziz kheloui1 and mohamed benbouzid2 abstractthis paper proposes a methodology for presizing the power of an electric vehicle traction motor. Far too often motors are mismatchedor oversizedfor the load they are intended to serve, or have been rewound multiple times. The feeder must be large enough to handle 125% of the largest motor load, and 100% of all of the other motor loads. By joining forces at cee, individual electric and gas efficiency programs are able to partner. The motor designed from this thesis is compared to motors. This tutorial will introduce the user to the fundamental electrical and mechanical principles of ac electric induction motor design and application. Moreover, we also discuss about various factors that affect working of these motors and reliable ways to improve. Simple formulas and calculations described here are essential for calculating most common motor parameters. Electric motor design software quickfield fea software.
It is very important to measure different electrical and mechanical parameters of your motor and calculate unknown values using the following helpful formulas. Brushless dc motor bldc and permanent magnet ac synchronous motors drives have many. Motor load calculations knowledge base design master. In this course we will be considering motors which rotate spin mechanical power. If you want to extend your research further see links section and search the internet. John malinowski, senior project manager, baldor electric co. The design is subjected to real electrical and mechanical engineering. He is the ongoing software developer and software trainer of yes software, an electric motor design tool.
Other motors that are included are 1phase induction motors. The construction monkey motor calculator lets you figure out electrical characteristics of your system given a specific motor. Herbst the university of texas at austin center for electromechanics austin, tx 78712 j. For this model of an electric motor the torque speed curve is linear. Design calculations establish minimum guidelines and requirements for generating electrical calculations on projects. Belt conveyor system for crushed biomass wood using v merge conveying system aniket a jagtap 1, shubham d vaidya, akash r samrutwar1, rahul g kamadi1 and nikhil v bhende1 corresponding author. The amount of torque that the driving motor delivers is what plays a decisive role in. The motor has the toque to move our vehicle, is specifically made for electric vehicles, and has a dual shaft for accessory mounting. An engineering guide to ac and dc motor designs and operation. Design master electrical has two main types of motor. However this is a simplified approach that does not take into consideration many factors. Pdf winding design, modeling, and control for polephase. Fla full load amps amount of current drawn when fullload torque and horsepower is reached for the motor.
In this book two of the most experienced authors in the field have come together to present a practical guide to the design of electric machines using the speed and motor cad software packages. Mechanical energy what is an electric motor an electric motor is a device converting electrical energy into mechanical energy usually a torque. Electric motor sizing design equations and calculator. How intensively the electric circuit is used the type of enclosure type of cooling the duty cycle of the load the frequency of starting and stopping. The bosch motors have a no load speed of 95 rpm and a stall torque of 0.
This improves power line efficiency and provides the smooth power flow required by many such motors. Electric motor efficiency under variable frequencies and loads pdf r06004. Ac and dc motor designs and operations are explained in this article. The electric machines have been applied to the industrial and commercial areas for several decades. The liability of the mechanical parameters such as road load resistance, gear ratio, weight of the car, tractive efforts, wheel diameter, motor gearbox coupling efficiency and many more plays a very decisive role in the calculation consideration of electrical vehicle. Structural design optimization of electric motors to improve torque performance by jaewook lee a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy mechanical engineering in the university of michigan 2010 doctoral committee. Key motor selection criteria to suit application needs such as design, duty, and. Thus, a 10horsepower hp motor has an acceptable load range of 5 to 10 hp. Here are some of the things a designer needs to know in order to make an accurate winding calculation. To prevent a motor from burning up, you must provide a means of protecting it from overcurrent overload, short circuit, or ground fault. Electric motor formula electric motors are the most common drives for pumps, fans etc in the refining, oil and gas and petrochem industries.
Motor formulas and calculations, index of helpful tools. Unit 16 electric motors washington state university. Electrical calculations should be made for all projects that include electrical components and should be filed in the project notebook. The 3 phase electric motor is usually a large piece of equipment that uses a polyphase circuit to draw heavy power loads at relatively low voltages. Horsepower calculations for speed changes on variable torque loads. The motor constant is a function of the coil design and the strength and direction of. Apr 02, 2009 you just need to enter a few preliminary inputs and click a button.
Fundamentals of electric motor design course outline i. Electrical calculations should be made for all spu projects that include electrical components and should be filed in the project notebook. Maximum loading for any branch circuit is 80% of rating of circuit for ampacity of wire. Frequency greater than rated frequency normally improves power factor but decreases lockedrotor and maximum torque. Inwheel motor design for electric vehicles by kazim cakir submitted to the graduate school of engineering and natural sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science sabanci university spring 2004. Older motors and usa motors measure power in horse power hp. Determining electric motor load and efficiency most likely your operations motors account for a large part of your monthly electric bill.
This condition also increases speed, and therefore, friction and windage. Submitted to the department of electrical engineering and computer. The speed of an ac motor depends on the frequency of the input power and the number of poles for which the motor is wound. This loss applies whenever an imaginary component is present not just for motors. The following are to links of industrial electric motors, generators and drives resources, tools, articles and other useful data. An introduction to electrical motors basics course description. Motor engineer provides high level technical consulting services for the electric motor and generator design market worldwide. You can start to design from a small fractional horse power ac electric motor to a 200 hp ac electric motor using this design software. What you get is an output design sheet containing more than 100 output parameters required to build an ac squirrel cage electric motor. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Ed thornton is an electrical consultant in the electrical technology consulting group in engineering at dupont, in houston, texas. Electric motor design software electric motor design software.
The mechanical output of the motor p measured in watts. Design of an efficient, low weight battery electric. Motor sizing calculations this section describes certain items that must be calculated to find the optimum motor for a particular application. Traditional design of cage rotor induction motors ronald g. Electric demand savings calculation with asd in pump system. The aim of this paper is to provide an optimal design of inwheel motor for an electric scooter escooter considering economical production. Harley and yao duan georgia institute of technology november, 2009.
A hybrid electric vehicle motor cooling system design, model, and control article pdf available in ieee transactions on vehicular technology pp99. Design calculations may be made either manually or by spuapproved computer programs. An introduction to electric motors stmicroelectronics. At each point selected for calculation, the efficiency of the motor is the mechanical power output divided by the electrical power input. Electrical design calculations needed for projects. Their design implements the common idea interaction of the magnetic fields with permanent magnets, ferromagnetics and electric currents carrying conductors to produce the mechanical. Typical nema design b induction motor speedtorque curve. In the design of the induction motor, operational characteristics can be determined through a series of calculations. Start and running torque requirements, calculations for electric motors.
Mechanical and electrical design calculations of hybrid vehicles. A 3phase, y connected, 460 volt line to line, 25 horsepower, 60 hz, 8 pole. In lessefficient electric motors, the amount of power wasted can be reduced by more careful application and improved electric motor design. Pdf this paper presents the electrical design of highspeed twopole. Propulsion system design and sizing of an electric vehicle. We not only talk about different type of motors but we also see how different motors work under different conditions. My original aim was to bridge the gap between specialist textbooks which are pitched at a level too academic for the average user and the more prosaic handbooks, which are full of useful detail but provide. He has 15 years of experience with yes as an electric motor designer, electric motor tester, and software developer. Blower and motor calculations by norm christopherson this section includes information on the sizing of motor pulleys, changing rpm and cfm of blowers, motor selection for blowers, belt length changes, and using fan laws for troubleshooting. This article will serve as a comprehensive guide for articles related to ac and dc motors. How to calculate cost of electricity for electric motor 3.
Motor design limited mdl is a world leader in the development of advanced software design tools for electrical machines. A motor s efficiency tends to decrease dramatically below about 50% load. Next, the mechanical and electrical design and analysis of the major pack components is discussed. For this example, refer to the motor equivalent circuit and calculations described above. Improving motor and drive system performance department of. Repeating this procedure for the instants 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of fig. Electric motor rewinding and rebuilding tutorial global electronic services duration. The handbook of electric power calculations provides detailed stepbystep calculation procedures. Prior to joining baldor he was employed by another electric motor company where he gained. Selection procedure first, determine certain features of the design, such as drive mechanism, rough dimensions, distances moved, and positioning period.
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